Brass vs gold: characteristics, uses and identification methods

Brass vs gold, although only one letter apart, are worlds apart. From appearance to internal characteristics, from use to market price, these two metals show significant differences in many aspects. This article will discuss the differences between brass vs gold in detail from the aspects of characteristics, uses and market identification methods.

1.Differences in characteristics between brass vs gold

(1) Comparison of chemical composition between brass vs gold

1) Gold

Gold is a pure element with the chemical symbol Au and atomic number 79. It is an inert metal that does not easily react chemically with other substances and therefore has good corrosion resistance. The purity of gold is usually expressed in carats (K), and 24K gold represents pure gold.

2) Brass

Brass is an alloy made of copper and zinc. The proportions can be adjusted as needed to obtain different physical and mechanical properties. The color and luster of brass are similar to those of gold, but they can be easily distinguished through simple tests such as magnetic tests or acid tests.

(2) Comparison of the physical properties of brass vs gold

1) Gold

Gold has good ductility and toughness and can be made into extremely thin gold foil. It has a high density and feels heavy, with a specific gravity of 19.32g/cm³.

Gold also has extremely high corrosion resistance, good electrical and thermal conductivity, and a reflection capacity of infrared rays close to 100%. These properties make gold widely used in modern high-tech industries, such as electronic technology, communication technology, and aerospace technology.

2) Brass

Brass has poor ductility and toughness, low density, and a specific gravity of only 8.9g/cm³, about half of that of gold.

Brass is harder than gold and is not easy to leave tooth marks and nail scratches. Brass is easily oxidized and discolored in the air, forming an oxide film on the surface, making it black.

(3) Comparison of the color of brass vs gold

1) Gold

Gold has a unique golden color, which is soft and long-lasting. The yellower the gold is, the better the quality. If it is reddish, it means it contains more copper impurities. If it is white, it means it contains more silver impurities.

There is a saying about gold: “seven green, eight yellow, nine purple, and ten red”, that is, the green-yellow color contains 70% gold, the yellow color contains 80% gold, the purple-yellow color contains 90% gold, and the red-yellow color contains almost 100% gold.

2) Brass

The color of brass is relatively light, tending to be yellow with some red. The luster of brass will appear more dazzling under strong light, lacking the calm and restrained temperament of gold.

2.Differences in the uses of brass vs gold

(1) Gold

1) Jewelry:

Gold is often used to make various jewelry, such as necklaces, earrings, bracelets and rings, due to its unique color and rarity. It is a symbol of wealth and status.

2) Currency and investment:

Gold has been used as currency in history, and many central banks still hold gold reserves. At the same time, gold is also an important investment and safe-haven asset. Investors can hold it by purchasing gold bars, gold coins, etc.

3) High-end technology industry:

Gold has extremely high corrosion resistance, good conductivity, ductility and the ability to reflect infrared rays, making it widely used in high-end technology industries.

For example, in electronic technology, gold is used to manufacture precision electronic components and connectors; in communication technology, gold is used to manufacture high-frequency signal transmission equipment; in aerospace technology, gold is used to manufacture spacecraft insulation layers and reflectors, etc.

4) Medical field:

Gold has many medical applications, such as gold nanoparticles for cancer treatment and gold wire for tooth repair. Gold salt reagents are also used to treat certain diseases.

(2) Brass

1) Construction field:

Brass pipes are used in water supply pipe systems, HVAC systems, heating systems and fire protection systems, etc., because their corrosion resistance can ensure the sanitation and safety of water supply.

2) Electrical and electronic fields:

Brass is used to make wires, cable connectors, plugs, sockets, heat sinks and thermal modules for electronic devices, taking advantage of its good electrical conductivity and heat dissipation properties.

3) Decoration field:

Brass is used to make furniture, lamps, door handles, decorations, etc., because of its unique golden color and elegant appearance.

4) Musical instrument manufacturing:

Brass is used to make instruments such as trumpets, trombones, saxophones, etc., because it can produce warm and rich sounds.

5) Shipbuilding field:

Brass pipes are used in seawater cooling systems, compressed air systems and fuel systems in shipbuilding, and their corrosion resistance makes them suitable for marine environments.

6) Automobile industry:

Brass is used to make automobile parts such as radiators, bearings and gears, thanks to its thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.

3.How to distinguish brass from gold

(1) Visual observation

From the naked eye, gold has a strong luster and the surface particle density is very fine. Although brass has some luster, it is darker than gold and has rough particles on the surface.

Gold has a unique golden color, while brass is lighter in color, tending to be yellow with some red.

(2) Weight test

Gold has a higher density and feels heavier. For the same volume of gold and brass, the weight of gold may be twice that of brass. Therefore, the authenticity of the metal can be preliminarily determined by weighing it.

(3) Magnetic test

Gold is a non-magnetic metal and will not be attracted by a magnet. Brass, on the other hand, usually exhibits weak magnetism because it contains a certain amount of iron. A small magnet can be used to perform a magnetic test. If the metal is attracted by the magnet, it is likely brass or an alloy containing iron.

(4) Chemical reaction

Nitric acid is a commonly used identification reagent. Drop a small drop of nitric acid on the surface of a metal. If a green or blue chemical reaction occurs on the surface of the metal, it is likely brass. Gold is extremely stable to nitric acid and will hardly undergo any chemical reaction, leaving the surface intact.

(5) Sound test

The sound made when striking metal can also provide clues for identification. The sound of gold is dull and long, while that of brass is crisp and pleasant. Gold has excellent ductility and toughness, and can quickly return to its original shape after being gently bent, while brass may leave marks or break due to bending.

4.Reasons for the huge price difference between gold and brass

(1) Scarcity:

The content of gold in the earth’s crust is very low, and the mining and refining process is complicated and costly. In contrast, brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The content of these two metals in the earth’s crust is relatively high and easy to obtain, so the raw material cost of brass is lower.

(2) Differences in physical and chemical properties between brass vs gold:

Gold has excellent chemical stability and ductility, and is not easy to oxidize and discolor. These properties make it uniquely valuable in fields such as jewelry and electronic products. Although brass also has certain mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, its physical and chemical properties are not as unique and precious as gold.

(3) Wide range of uses:

Gold is not only used in jewelry making, but also in electronics, medical treatment, aerospace and other fields. In addition, gold has excellent resistance to chemical corrosion and is an important industrial material.

(4) Investment value:

Gold has been regarded as a means of storing value and a safe haven asset since ancient times. In times of economic instability or inflation, investors often turn to gold to preserve value. This investment demand pushes up the price of gold. Brass does not have such investment attributes.

(5) Monetary attributes:

Gold has long been used as currency, and even in modern times, it is still used as a reserve asset by many countries. This monetary attribute gives gold a special status and value. Brass does not have such monetary attributes.

(6) Aesthetic and cultural value:

Gold has a unique luster and color, and is regarded as a symbol of luxury and status. It has an important position in many cultures. Although brass also has a certain aesthetic value, its cultural value and symbolic significance are far inferior to gold.